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Objective To study the morphological characteristics of craniofacial contour in ageing.Methods Craniofacial morphology was examined in a sample of 20 young men and 20 old men.By multi-slice helical CT,a computer reconstruction technique was used to produce three dimensional images and 3-D reconstruction data were analyzed quantitatively.Results Compared with the young men,old men increased with midface(Zy-Zy),lower face(Go-Go),supraorbital projection(Fb-Sr,T-So),midface depth (N-Po),and lower facial depth(T-Gn),and decreased with maxillary height(N-Sd) and upper facial width(Ft-Ft,T-T).Conclusion Facial width and depth and supraorbital projection tend to be increased and facial height decreased with ageing.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To introduce an operation for fingertip reconstruction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The vascularity of the reverse dorsal island flap is augmented by performing an arteriovenous anastomosis between the dorsal vein in the flap and a digital artery at the fingertip. The flap was used in ten patients for reconstruction of their fingertip defects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the ten flaps survived and the appearance was good.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is easy except for the necessity of performing standard microvascular surgery. The flap is a good option for repairing fingertip defects.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Fingers , General Surgery , Microsurgery , Methods , Surgical FlapsABSTRACT
Objective To present a new method of osteotomy for malar complex hypertrophy .Methods The operative procedures was transpositional osteoplasty of the malar complex by coronal approach. A lateral orbital osteotomy began at the level of the frontozygomatic suture line,preserving the lateral orbital rim. It continued far down inferoposteriorly across the zygomaticomaxillary suture line. The zygomatic arch was obliquely cut at 1 cm anterior from the articular tubercle. The bone was not separated from the soft tissue to preserve the blood supply to the zygoma and slid upward, inside and setback. The single microplate,screw and steelwire fixation was done on the repositioned zygomatic body.To zygomatic body prominence,it was obtained a satisfactory effect that only shaved the protruded zygomatic body with chisels by means of an intraoral approach.Operative procedures for reductive malar complex plasty were performed in 12 cases. The patients consisted of 3 males and 9 females whose ages ranged from 21 to 36 years.Results Postoperative follow up for 3～24 months showed satisfactory results using this procedure.Conclusion This modified method has an ideal effect without the possibility of bone resorption of the malar complex.
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Objective To evaluate the clinical application of endoscopic technique in corrections of square face. Methods A total of 38 patients (age 21~40 years, 35 women and 3 men) with square face were corrected by endoscope-assisted intraoral approach and resected mandibular angle with the high-speed pneumatic drill or bulky masseter muscle and buccal fat pad. Results The use of an endoscope offered a clear view of the mandibular angle region and the application of high-speed pneumatic drill facilitated accurate and easy resection of the the mandibular angle. These patients were successfully treated for these new techniques: ruduced surgical trauma, operative bleeding and surgical time, along with a reduced risk of infection. Conclusion The endoscopic assisted correction of square face offers more satisfactory clinical results with a clear view of operation and less haematoma, risk of infection, surgical trauma and time.
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Objective To provide an additional reference and value for the surgeon to reconstruct the natural and aesthetic breast. Methods Measurements were made in a group of 45 women volunteers aged from 22 to 45 years, who were satisfied with their breasts without any history of breast surgery. After the lateral arch of the breast as the reference value for breast size being chosen, breast-areola to nipple ratio was determined according to parameters measured as follows: weight, height, diameter of the breast, areola, and nipple, distances between the nipple and borders of the breast-superior (to the suprasternal notch), medial arch (to the medial end of the inframammary crease), lateral arch (to the lateral end of the inframammary crease), inferior arch (to the lowest point of the inframammary crease). Correlation factors such as age, weight, height and body mass index (BMI) which may influence the proportion were also considered and analyzed. Results The sample showed that the breast- areola and areola-nipple proportions were about 3.7:1.0 and 3.4:1.0 respectively in the Chinese women population. Weight/BMI had a significant positive correlation with the breast size and areola-nipple proportion, nor did age and height in the sample. Conclusions Breast and areola-nipple complex keeps their optimal proportions, which might be influenced by the factor of overweight. Determination of breast-areola-nipple proportion contributes its aesthetic value to the mammaplasty and reconstruction for the oriental female. The proportion could be used to predict and design the desired breast size during the operation.